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The Army and Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Within two months of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House on 9 April 1865, the Confederacy had collapsed, and its armed forces had ceased to exist. In the spring of 1865, the U.S. Army faced the unprecedented task of occupying eleven conquered Southern states and administering "Reconstruction" -- the process by which the former rebellious states would be restored to the Union. But a rapid demobilization of the Army placed the remaining occupation troops at a disadvantage almost from the start. Mark Bradley traces the Army's law enforcement, stability, and peacekeeping roles in the South from May 1865 to the end of Reconstruction in 1877, marking a unique period in American history. During that time, the Southern states remained under military occupation, and for several years, they were also ruled by military government. Veteran Army commanders such as Philip H. Sheridan, John M. Schofield, Daniel E. Sickles, Edward R. S. Canby, and Winfield S. Hancock may have found the work of Reconstruction less dangerous than fighting the Civil War had been, but they also found it no less challenging.

united states↗

Official reports of J. Warren Keifer, Brevet Major General of Volunteers, U. S. A., detailing movements and operations of his command in the battles of Winchester (1863); Brandy Station, Orange Grove, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg (1864): Monocacy, Opequon, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Petersburg (1865), and Sailor's Creek, also, prior to and at the surrender of General Lee's army.

The princial movements and operations of the 2nd brigade, 3rd Division, 3rd Army Corps, in the year 1863, and of the same Brigade in the 3rd Division, 6th Army Corps, in the years 1864 and 1865, in the Army of the Potomac."--Pref. Also available in digital form.

history↗

The number and rosters of the two armies in the civil war, by Gen. Gates P. Thruston of Nashiville, Tenn

"This article, reprinted from the Olympian magazine of November, 1903, published at Nashville, Tenn., contains the main portion of an address delivered by Gen. G. P. Thruston before the Society of the army of the Cumberland in Washington, D. C., October 14, 1903 ..." "Statistics of soldiers in both armies" (reprinted from the Confederate veteran): p. 12-13. Also available in digital form.

statistics↗

The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Found also in the House Miscellaneous documents of the 52d to the 56th Congress. Each number has special index. Inserted in each volume: Additions and corrections ... Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1902. Series 1, v. 1-53, series 3, v. 1-5, and series 4, v. 1-3 include "Alternate designations of organizations mentioned." Vol. 54-55 of series 1 [serial no. 112-113] "have not been published, and no material for them is in hand." cf. General index, p. xi. Series 2, v. 1 [serial no. 114] with imprint 1894, was not issued until 1898. Edited in the War Records Office, 1880-July 1899; in the Record and Pension Office, July 1899-1901. Robert N. Scott compiled and edited v. 1-18, 1880-87, and also collected the greater part of the material for v. 19-36, 1887-91. After his death in 1887 the work was continued by Henry M. Lazelle, 1887-89, and by a board of publication, 1889-99, consisting of George B. Davis, 1889-97, Leslie J. Perry, 1889-99, Joseph W. Kirkley, 1889-99, and Fred C. Ainsworth, 1898-99; from 1899-1901 edited by Fred C. Ainsworth and Joesph W. Kirkley. Supplemented by: "Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. Pub. under te direction of the ... secretaries of war, by Maj. George B. Davis ... Mr. Leslie J. Perry ... Mr. Joseph W. Kirkley ... board of publicaton. Comp. by Capt. Calvin D. Cowles ..." (3 v. CLXXV (i.e. 178) fold. pl. (incl. illus., maps, plans) 48 x 40 cm.) published: Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1891-95. CALL NUMBER: G1201.S5U6 1891. Plates part colored. Issued in 37 parts. Assigned no. 261 of House Miscellaneous documents, v. 40, 52d Cong., 1st sess. (serial no. 2998). Documnet number does not appear i this copy; in other copies it appears in binder's title but not on t.-p. Inserted: ... Additions and corrections ... Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1902. 2 p. 23 cm. CONTENTS: pl. 1-135c. Military operations inthe field.--pl. 136-161. General topographical map.--pl. 161-171. Military divisions and departments.--pl. 172-175. Miscellaneous. Library of Congress. Civil War maps (2nd ed.), 99 Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image.

confederate states of america↗

Defence of Brig. Gen'l Wm. A. Hammond, Surgeon General, U. S. Army.

Signed: Wm. A. Hammond, Surgeon General U. S. A.; Joseph H. Bradley, Washington; J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore, counsel. Also available in digital form. With his Statements of the causes which led to the dismissal of Surgeon-General William A. Hammond from the Army ... [New York, 1864]. LAC nsk 2020-09-18 update (2 cards)

history↗