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Race and older age mortality evidence from Union Army veterans

"This paper uses the records of the Union Army to compare the older age mortality experience of the first black and white cohorts who reached middle and late ages in the twentieth century. Blacks faced a greater risk of death from all causes, especially in large cities, from infectious and parasitic diseases, from genito-urinary disease, and from heart disease, particularly valvular heart disease. Blacks' greater risk of death was the result both of the worse conditions in which they lived at the time of their deaths and of their lifelong poorer nutritional status and higher incidence of infectious disease. Compared to the 1821-40 black cohort, the 1841-50 black cohort was both under greater stress at a young age and had higher older age mortality rates"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.

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Emancipation Proclamation.

Initially, the Civil War between the North and the South was fought by the North to prevent the secession of the South and preserve the Union. Ending slavery was not a goal. That changed on September 22, 1862, when President Abraham Lincoln issued his Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which stated that slaves in those states or parts of states still in rebellion as of January 1, 1863, would be free. One hundred days later Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation declaring "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious areas "are, and henceforward shall be, free." Lincoln's bold step was a military measure by which he hoped to inspire the slaves in the Confederacy to support the Union cause. Because it was a military measure, the proclamation was limited in many ways. It applied only to states that had seceded from the Union, and left slavery untouched in the border states. Although the Emancipation Proclamation did not end slavery, it did fundamentally transform the character of the war. Henceforth, every advance of Federal troops expanded the domain of freedom. Moreover, the proclamation announced the acceptance of black men into the Union Army and Navy. By the end of the war, almost 200,000 black soldiers and sailors had fought for the Union and their own freedom.

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Image 7 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), October 3, 1901

ALMOST A MIRACLE THE WORK OF A STROKE OF LIGHTNING 0 C Peak of Milwaukee Wis Knocked Down While at the Telephone ReceiverA Subsequent Experience Such as Falls to the Lot of Few Strange happenings are constantly being eeorded but it is safe to say few people iu tell of a personal experience as wonder ul as that which fell to the lot of Mr D C 1 yak of Xo 814 Wells street Milwaukee is His miraculous recovery from loco uotor ataxia is attracting widespread at tention throughout the country and has ex ted much comment from the press and Liming physicians Mr Peak is wellknown in railroad circles liroughout the entire State and held an im ortant position with the Chicago Milwau kee St Paul R R Co for a number of ars up to the time he was taken with this rrible affliction He is now well and ex erts within a short time to resume his posi n with the company Iu view of the int oi tance of Mr Peaks case and the talk his n C PEAK has caused a reporter was assigned to k up tlie matter lie went to Mr Peaks Alienee

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Image 6 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), November 21, 1907

NATION MAY BE DRY Hovember Elections Help to Swell the Roll of Prohibition States The temperance people who are light ing the saloon and the saloon influ ences in politics have reason to feel elated over the result of the November elections Democrats and Republicans lost and won but the returns show a steady gain for the cause of prohibition Following is a statement of actual con ditions in all the States up to date as compiled and issued by the Chicago RecordHerald AlabamaFortyone counties have voted to stop the sale of liquor entirely and the same result is said to be cer tain in nine others where arrange ments have been made for elections These nine include Montgomery the third largest in the State This will make titty out of sixtyseven against whiskey Four of the seventeen left have dispensaries that cannot be dis turbed for two years yet It is well established that the incoming legisla ture will make all the State prohibition ArkansasFivesevenths of the pop ulation live in dry territory License majority of 52000 in 1894 has changed to an aggregate majority of 10000 for prohibition in 1900 CaliforniaFour dry counties and much dry territory in

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Image 7 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), December 19, 1907

WILLIAMS KIDNEY PILLS Have you neglected your Kidneys Have you overworked your nervous system anc caused trouble with your kidneys anc bladder Have yon paius in loins side back groins and bladder Have you a llabby appearance of tbe face especially under the eyes Too frequent a desire tc pass urine If so Williams Kidney Pills w ill cure youat Druggist Price 60c Williams Slfg Co Props Cleveland 0 Miss VioletHow do you give your dog gie exercise Miss Rose 1 speak kindly to him and he wags lits tailChips For Over Sixty Tears An Old and WellTried Remedy Mrs Winslows Soothing Syrup has beer used for over sixty years by tuillious ol mothers for their children while teething with perfect success It soothes the child softens the gums allays all pain cures ind colie and is the best remedy for Diar i lima Is pleasant to the taste Sold by druggists in every part of the world twentyfive cents a bottle Its value is iu calculable Guaranteed under the Food and Drugs Act June t0th 1906 Serial November 1098 HeWhat do you think dear 1 have ad my salary raised 6 a month sheHow nice Now we can have

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Image 6 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), November 5, 1908

Naval Events in Hampton Roads Continuation of the Story of the Cumber land and the Merrimac By Oapt John O Johnson of Liberty In my last I left the Cumberland sunk the Congress on fire and the Merrimac having accomplished her work of de struction for that day and flushed with victoryhad retired behind Sewells Point with the intention of completing on the morrow the entire destruction of the Union fleet What wild excitement what grief what anxiety what terrible forebodings for the morrow possessed the Union fleet when night fell on that ever to be remembered 8th day of March 1862 can never be described On shore and afloat all was panic confusion and consternation It was by all odds the darkest night for the Union cause during the war of the Rebellion The Minnesota hastening to the relief of the Cumberland and to participate in the fight against the Merrimac had grounded within two miles of Newport News remaining a helpless spectator of the sinking of that noble ship and the burning of the Congress The frigate St Lawrence eager to succor her con sort had also grounded near the Minne sota The Roanoke like the others on

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Image 6 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), March 18, 1909

Nearly Three Centuries Of Temperance Agitation and Legislation in Maine16361909 BY FRANK W GOWEN NO 5 At the Grand Lodge session of the Maine Good Templars in Bangor in the spring of 1875 Mr George E Brackett of Belfast was elected Grand Secretary and he served the Grand Lodge in this capacity something over thirty years and at the time he retired from this office two years ago was the oldest Grand Secretary in point of service in the world Bro Brackett was one of the ablest and most popular Grand Secre taries the order has ever had in Maine and his name is widely known and hon ored For many years he has published the Maine Temperance Record and in all his noble work for our order and the cause of temperance he has been ably assisted by his wife In 1881 Hon T R Simonton of Cam den was elected Grand Chief Templar and as he was an able speaker his ser vices were in much demand throughout the State in addressing public meetings in the interest of the order Then came Mr B C Torsey of Winthrop who made a very excellent officer He was also a

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Image 7 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), March 17, 1910

TO FIGHT A WORM dollars has been contributed 1 Rockefeller for the exter t the HookWorm have now proven that the condition and listless inani rt ds of thousands of South s caused by an intestinal Worm is only one of fifty W ms that are known to in intestines Many cases ubles blood impoverish ral debility and weakness Worms True of Auburn Me in advance of his time this in 1851 and gave to Trues Elixir which posi Worms axative is needed Dr 1 ould be taken It is not Tonic Laxative ever devis hitclr pvtipU all animal om the system Worms here Dr Trues Elixir is is syrups or carthartic t take Dr Trues Elixir thing that is asked of a also insures the expulsion tern of all pernicious ani exists there specially are frequently and fretful from no other rms Dr Trues Elixir althy strong and well finds himself listless and v does not know what is ith him Cannot seem to into the days work has tew days treatment with ir will correct these con RENTISS FARM IN TROY Hxpert Says of the Stock the beautiful stallion Mars red on the Dolloff Farm itr and bought

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Image 7 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), August 3, 1911

jSEP TO LEAVE HIS VESSEL Mazerill Stays by the Dismasted r E Ayer His Wife and Baby ueJ ff Cape Cod The Schooner Ited into Boston Sunday 1 rJight of terror on a waterlogged iflt7 iTed vessel Mrs Jennie Mazerill jo of the twomasted schooner ife I n f Bangor and her 14monthsold i A Albert were brought to Boston iby tie steamer Bunker Hill which M the schooners boat off Cape I bert Mazerill and the crew of turned to the lurching craft after b 1 inferred the woman and child to l r Mrs Mazerill lost most of her when she reached the deck of the Eie t and her baby were drenched iit It was a terrible night and we choner would capsize any mo hl M Mazerill She was given hot t ourishing food and was placed k ts in one of the staterooms eatt in bed when the Bunker Hill her berth on the south side of T ar at 1030 a m was caught in the furious north Friday and the lurching and t he seas caused her to spring a he was wallowing about in a wild ght when the mainmast toppled it

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Image 6 of The Republican journal (Belfast, Me.), August 27, 1914

The European War ft Eflecct Upon the Resource and Indus tries of this Country Washington Aug 24 1914 A di rect benefit to the United States from the European war will be its effect in making the people of this country real ize to a greater extent the value of its mineral resources said Franklin K Lane Secretary of the Interior in an interview today It is entirely possible to so utilize these resources and expand our industries that the label Made in America will become familiar in our own foreign markets Of an importance second only to that of the food supply said Mr Lane is the supply of mineral products necessary to meet the requirements of Twentieth century civilization One of the first ef fects of the war has been to make us realize the interdependence of nations in the matter of food supply Most of the countries now at war are dependent up on importation of foodstuffs and we have cause for selfcongratulation in the United Stales that we are able to feed ourselves What we possibly have not so fully realized is that we are nearly as independent in the possession of essential mineral resources and

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Image 8 of Jackson advocate (Jackson, Miss.), March 28, 1953

Walter White Continued from Page One personality especially in this sec tion of the nation is reported to have caused several changes in the place for holding the meeting According to what has been called a well founded report the meeting was originally scheduled to be held at Jackson College but when it was announced that Walter White was to be the principal speaker the college authorities are reported as having notified the lo cal planning committee that the facilities of the college would not he available on the dates set for the meeting According to reports after a tentative agreement for holding the meeting at the college had LOANS Arranged ON YOUR Signature ON YOUR nrniture ON YOUR Real Estate On Your Car towfp i m BROKERS U State Phone 34977 unexpected GUESTS or dinner ft happens to everyone on expected guests drop in and nothing to serve them to eat Heres the easy way out Bring them here for dining at its best Fine foods in a wide variety await your selection Take this suggestion Youll be glad you lid SHEPHERDS KITCHENETTE 04 N FARISH ST V I been reached a letter officially I notifying the committee that

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Image 5 of Jackson advocate (Jackson, Miss.), March 23, 1963

gSLSHE More than 2000 seniors of high schools and Junior Col leges visited the Mississippi Vocational College campus March 15 1968 The students were welcomed by Miss Freshman Lonnie Lockett Greenville Miss Juni or Clarice Dumas Calhoun City President Charles Rained Civil Rights Continued From Page One accused Leflore County officers of violating his civil rights when they forced him from the Negro waiting room of a bus depot in Greenwood Releya commission investigator made the report when he returned to Washington Cothron in a statement said that at the time of the bus station incident Relyaa actually was registered at a Greenwood hotel and was certainly not an inter state bra passenger Tt appears that Relyaa went to Clsrfcsaale from Greenwood tor the express purpose erf returning to Greenwood on a Greyhound bus and creating an incident Cothron said a deputy had been instructed to be on the alert for persons who might cause trouble and strife between the races He said Relyea was removed from the bus station to prevent possible trouble and to obtain his identity When his identity was estab lished the sheriff said Relyaa wm ewHttied not to caw any racial trouble and was released

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Image 6 of The Western news (Libby, Mont.), December 14, 1933

The WEDDING WVRCH MURDER _v til 1 MONTE BARRETT y s U u u S m WKU SERVICE Sy Tin BoUsMtrriîl Co n iVî SYNOPSIS Waiting In the ministers study while the wedding procession is being mar shaled Jim Franklin about to be mar rled to Doris Carmody Is stabbed to death Callis Shipley one of the brides maids is obviously In a state of anxiety CHAPTER IContinued O 2 Without waiting to be Informed he knelt beside the bridegrooms body Then with a low shh of expelled breath he turned a startled counte nance to Peter again Jim Franklin he ejaculated Look here Doctor The medical examiner knelt beside him and with swift fingers laid back the vest and shirt that covered the wounds Franklins death had been caused by two knife thrusts one a longjagged tear across the groin the second a smooth deep wound between the ribs at or near the heart This second wound was about three Inches wide and at either end a small blue bruise half the size of a dime stood out against the white skin Sergeant Klldays glance darted about the room questlonlngly The knife Isnt here Sergeant Nick Royce Informed him

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Image 24 of The Washington herald (Washington, D.C.), March 9, 1919

POTASH AND PERLMUTTER AT TKE PEACE CONFERENCE BY MONTAGUE GLASS Illuetrated by ALBERT levering Everything Is Proceeding SatisfactorilyMaybe 4 IIVBIIIT 1 DY THE MrttllRE NEWSPAPER SYNDICAT 5 Morris Perlmut M tir said to his partner Abe Potash a few days after Mr Wilsons return from his j visit to Italy up to a short time ago hardly anybody in America had ever even heard about Italys claim to the Dalmatian territory Naturally Abe replied be cause if there is six people in the whole United States which is en gaged in the business of telling spotted dogs to fire engine houses Mawruss that would be big al ready Morris threw up both hands in a gesture of despair What is the use talking foreign politics to a feller which thinks lhat Italys claims to the Dalmatian territory means she wants the exclusive right to make New York Cleveland Chi ca and Saint Louis with a line of spotted dog for fire engine com panies he exclaimed And I wouldnt even have known that it meant that much Abe retorted entirely unabashed excepting lhat six months ago my wifes sisters cousin wanted me I should advance her a hundred dol lars

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Image 4 of The Mirror and farmer (Manchester, N.H.), December 1, 1910

4 MIRROR AND FARMER THE JOHN B CLARKE CO Pro prietors ARTHUR E CLARKE Manager MANUSCRIPT SENT TO THE MIRROR AND FARMER WILL NOT BE RE TURNED UNLESS POSTAGE IS EN CLOSED THE MIRROR AND FARMER DOES NOT PAY FOR POETRY SUBSCRIBERS WHO DESIRE THE HORSE EDITION SHOULD NOTIFY US TO THAT EFFECT JOB PRINTING AND BOOK BINDING OF EVERY DESCRIPTION THE ADVERTISING RATE 25c per Agate Line Each Issue Fourteen Lines In Every inch of single column space Six average wards make one line Forms CloseAds must Do received by Tuesday morning of week of Issue Change sf copy or step orders on Saturday before day of Issue Whats the Matter with the Hens What is the matter with the egg supply Has the hen census failed to keep pace with that of humanity Or does the faithful fowl feel that she is not appreciated and so has sus pended temporarily the manufacture of those indispensable delicacies with out which no breakfast table is com plete thinking that the absence cure will raise her in the estimation of her patrons Whatever the cause of the decline in the hens activities she has been too good a friend to deserve

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Image 1 of The Lexington advertiser (Lexington, Miss.), December 28, 1961

SJtf ftwetngtmt Abugrligprl S Principles and Men Truththe Weapon we use in their Defence____ Volume 124 Lexington Mississippi Thursday December 28 1961 Number Thirt By Hazel Brannon Smith This is the last column of Eyes for 1961 At the years end we al ways mentally review events of the past year and take a tew moments to anticipate what the New1 Year may bring We wish to express again this week as we did in our Christmas column our sin cere deep appreciation tor the friendship and support of our thousands of friends and readers throughout Holmes County and the state W e shall always strive earnestly to be worthy of your trust Despite the continuing at tacks from a few fanatics principally in Lexington this editor and The Lexington Advertiser have continued to make gains in 1961 We might add these gains have been realized in spite of the lies that those opposed to us have circulated and caused to be circulated My friends hear these lies and report them to me in detail together with the names of persons doing the talking My friends think I should expose these people by printing their names and what they are

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Image 7 of The Washington times (Washington [D.C.]), December 5, 1908, (Last Edition)

A STRAIGHT SEVENDAY NEWSPAPER bs bs wl A be deg Yoder 2 Yeofrelrelochrodorfcfectrefecdde Fedde poeedeofedeeesdedededdedrodeodeeds dededengefede bededdodeodoboddobedd ols At the Uniform Price of One Cent a Copy H Fofofoafosfod saforgoosfosf forfoul A PERSONAL TALK BY MR MUNSEY TO THE READERS OF THE WASHINGTON TIMES ABOUT THIS NEW IDEA To the Readers of The Washington Times fort and alertness to the news from ue bodith JSS uh dedi She dtutuabiins cratiialiee Ll BE Salgie SEEC GB Fb uit dana bs ld addi SBR LB de addin di There is no sane argument against doing a thing be cause it is not being done or because it never has been done The fact that there is now no Sunday evening newspaper in America does not weigh heavily against the idea If there are any reasons why we should not have a Sunday evening newspaper they are vital not con ventional Convention is often accepted as a reason but there is no reason in it It is mere usage habit and this habit is sometimes well founded and sometimes not Br o ae Boks 1 vp po a Bos z s de he The Sunday morning newspaper is an accepted fact It is

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